The origins of wilderness therapy can be partly attributed to the establishment of Outward Bound, an organization founded in the United Kingdom during World War II. Outward Bound aimed to develop resilience, leadership, and teamwork skills in young sailors through outdoor challenges. The success of Outward Bound inspired the development of similar programs worldwide.

In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on research, evaluation, and professionalization of wilderness therapy. Organizations like the Outdoor Behavioral Healthcare Research Cooperative (OBHRC) and the Association for Experiential Education (AEE) have played key roles in promoting evidence-based practices, standards, and ethical guidelines.

Today, wilderness therapy encompasses a range of approaches and models, combining adventure activities, therapeutic interventions, and a focus on nature connection to support personal growth, emotional healing, and behavioral change in individuals of various ages struggling with mental health or behavioral challenges.

Wilderness-based therapy has a storied history which includes some unethical practices and organizations.  It can be confusing to read varied accounts of its effectiveness and the Wilderness therapy can be a valuable therapeutic modality for a child for several reasons:

1. Nature and Adventure: 

   Wilderness therapy takes place in natural outdoor settings, which provide a unique and immersive environment for personal growth. Being in nature and engaging in adventurous activities can have a profound impact on a child's well-being. It offers a break from the routines and distractions of daily life, allowing them to focus on their emotional and behavioral challenges in a different context.

2. Experiential Learning: 

   Wilderness therapy employs experiential learning techniques, where participants actively engage in hands-on experiences rather than relying solely on traditional talk therapy. Through activities such as hiking, camping, rock climbing, and team-building exercises, children have the opportunity to develop new skills, build resilience, and gain a sense of accomplishment. These experiences can help them overcome obstacles, boost self-confidence, and foster personal growth.

3. Therapeutic Alliance: 

   In wilderness therapy, participants work closely with trained and experienced therapists who serve as guides throughout the program. The therapeutic alliance formed in this outdoor setting can be particularly strong, as it is based on shared experiences, trust-building, and collaboration. The therapists are skilled at creating a supportive and safe environment that encourages open communication, self-reflection, and emotional exploration.

4. Holistic Approach: 

   Wilderness therapy takes a holistic approach to healing and growth, addressing various aspects of a child's well-being, including their physical, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions. The combination of adventure, therapy sessions, and time in nature helps children develop self-awareness, emotional regulation, interpersonal skills, and coping strategies. It also encourages a deeper connection with oneself, others, and the natural world.

5. Disconnect from Technology: 

   In today's digital age, children often spend a significant amount of time immersed in screens and disconnected from nature. Wilderness therapy offers a much-needed break from technology, allowing children to unplug and engage in real-world experiences. This disconnection can lead to increased self-reflection, improved communication skills, and a renewed appreciation for the simpler aspects of life.

It's important to note that wilderness therapy may not be suitable for every child or every situation. The decision to choose this modality should be based on a thorough assessment of the child's needs, the expertise and qualifications of the wilderness therapy program, and a discussion with mental health professionals to determine if it aligns with the child's therapeutic goals.

On the Kairos Wellness Collective team, two clinicians are trained in Wilderness Therapy: Marley Hill-Filben, a former park ranger turned therapist, and Elena Woughter, a seasoned camp counselor, both recent graduates of Naropa’s Wilderness Program.  Both approach wilderness interventions with incredible passion, insight, zeal, and compassion.